Masterworks

The World's Most Famous Artworks

Comprehensive guides to the paintings, sculptures, and artefacts the world searches for most — history, location, and what makes each masterpiece extraordinary.

50 artworks in the guide

Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci — the world's most famous painting
#1

Leonardo da Vinci · c. 1503–1519

Mona Lisa

The Louvre · Paris

The Mona Lisa is a painting by Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci, created between approximately 1503 and 1519

Oil on poplarFull guide
The Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh — swirling blue nocturne with luminous stars over a village
#2

Vincent van Gogh · 1889

The Starry Night

Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) · New York

The Starry Night is an oil-on-canvas painting by Dutch Post-Impressionist artist Vincent van Gogh, painted in June 1889

Oil on canvasFull guide
The Birth of Venus by Sandro Botticelli — Venus emerging from the sea on a giant shell
#3

Sandro Botticelli · c. 1484–1486

The Birth of Venus

Uffizi Gallery · Florence

The Birth of Venus is a tempera painting by Italian Renaissance artist Sandro Botticelli, created around 1484–1486 for t

Tempera on canvasFull guide

Guernica

Pablo Picasso

Image under copyright

#4

Pablo Picasso · 1937

Guernica

Museo Reina Sofía · Madrid

Guernica is a large oil painting by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso, created in 1937 as a response to the bombing of the Ba

Oil on canvasFull guide
The Scream by Edvard Munch — anguished figure against a swirling red-orange sky
#5

Edvard Munch · 1893

The Scream

National Museum of Norway · Oslo

The Scream is a series of expressionist compositions by Norwegian artist Edvard Munch, created in versions between 1893

Oil, tempera andFull guide
Girl with a Pearl Earring by Johannes Vermeer — young woman in a blue turban glancing over her shoulder
#6

Johannes Vermeer · c. 1665

Girl with a Pearl Earring

Mauritshuis · The Hague

Girl with a Pearl Earring is an oil painting by Dutch Golden Age artist Johannes Vermeer, created around 1665. It depict

Oil on canvasFull guide
The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo — God reaches toward Adam, fingers almost touching
#7

Michelangelo · 1508–1512

The Creation of Adam

Sistine Chapel, Vatican · Vatican City

The Creation of Adam is a fresco painting by Italian Renaissance artist Michelangelo, part of the Sistine Chapel ceiling

FrescoFull guide
The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci — Christ and the twelve apostles at the table
#8

Leonardo da Vinci · 1495–1498

The Last Supper

Santa Maria delle Grazie · Milan

The Last Supper is a mural painting by Leonardo da Vinci, created between 1495 and 1498 on the end wall of the refectory

Tempera and oilFull guide

The Persistence of Memory

Salvador Dalí

Image under copyright

#9

Salvador Dalí · 1931

The Persistence of Memory

Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) · New York

The Persistence of Memory is an oil painting by Spanish Surrealist artist Salvador Dalí, created in 1931. It depicts a d

Oil on canvasFull guide

Explore by Collection Type

The major categories of museum collection — and the institutions that hold the world's finest examples.

Art & Fine Art

Art & Fine Art

The world's great art museums hold collections ranging from ancient Egyptian artefacts to twentieth-century masterworks. The Louvre, the Uffizi, the Hermitage, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Prado each represent centuries of collecting, curating, and preserving the highest expressions of human creativity.

Key institutions:

The LouvreUffizi GalleryThe PradoThe Hermitage
Classical Antiquities

Classical Antiquities

Ancient Greece, Rome, Egypt, and Mesopotamia are preserved in extraordinary depth across the world's encyclopedic museums. The British Museum holds the Elgin Marbles and the Rosetta Stone; the Vatican Museums house some of the finest Roman sculpture ever assembled in one place.

Key institutions:

The British MuseumVatican MuseumsThe Pergamon MuseumNational Archaeological Museum Athens
World Heritage & Culture

World Heritage & Culture

Anthropological and ethnographic collections in major institutions document the material culture of civilisations from every continent. These collections sit at the centre of contemporary debates about provenance, repatriation, and what a museum's responsibilities are to the cultures it represents.

Key institutions:

The British MuseumSmithsonian Natural HistoryMusée du Quai BranlyMuseum für Völkerkunde
Modern & Contemporary Art

Modern & Contemporary Art

The twentieth century produced an unprecedented explosion of artistic movements — Impressionism, Cubism, Abstract Expressionism, Conceptual Art, and beyond. MoMA in New York, the Tate Modern in London, and the Centre Pompidou in Paris are the canonical institutions for this period.

Key institutions:

MoMA New YorkTate Modern LondonCentre Pompidou ParisGuggenheim Bilbao
Natural History & Science

Natural History & Science

Natural history museums document the biological and geological history of Earth across billions of years. Science museums trace the story of human innovation. Both offer some of the most accessible and family-friendly museum experiences in the world, and many are free to enter.

Key institutions:

Natural History Museum LondonAmerican Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonianMuseum für Naturkunde Berlin

Explore our complete directory of world-class museums, organised by location and country.

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about museum collections, art types, and where to find the world's greatest works.